The Clever Badger I'm not dead yet!

4Mar/112

Teaching The Bible In Kentucky Public Schools – 2011 Edition

The Louisville Courier-Journal ran an article on 21 Feb 2011, originally by William Croyle from the Kentucky Enquirer discussing Senate Bill 56, which specifically allows the teaching of the Bible as an elective course in social studies.

Legislators tried to get a similar bill, SB 142, passed last year - I wrote about that one here and here.

The summary of this year's bill follows:

AN ACT relating to Bible literacy courses in the public schools.
Create a new section of KRS Chapter 156 to require the Kentucky Board of Education to promulgate administrative regulations to establish an elective social studies course on the Hebrew Scriptures, Old Testament of the Bible, the New Testament, or a combination of the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament of the Bible; require that the course provide students knowledge of biblical content, characters, poetry, and narratives that are prerequisites to understanding contemporary society and culture, including literature, art, music, mores, oratory, and public policy; permit students to use various translations of the Bible for the course; amend KRS 158.197 to permit a school council to offer an elective social studies course on the Hebrew Scriptures, Old Testament of the Bible, the New Testament, or a combination of the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament of the Bible.

Compare this to the summary description of SB 142 from 2010:

AN ACT relating to Bible literacy courses in the public schools.
Create a new section of KRS Chapter 156 to require the Kentucky Board of Education to promulgate administrative regulations to establish an elective social studies course on the Hebrew Scriptures, Old Testament of the Bible, the New Testament, or a combination of the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament of the Bible; require that the course provide students knowledge of biblical content, characters, poetry, and narratives that are prerequisites to understanding contemporary society and culture, including literature, art, music, mores, oratory, and public policy; permit students to use various translations of the Bible for the course; amend KRS 158.197 to permit a school council to offer an elective social studies course on the Hebrew Scriptures, Old Testament of the Bible, the New Testament, or a combination of the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament of the Bible.

Jenkies!  It's exactly the same!

Jenkies!

Jenkies!

 

What happens when we get into the bills themselves?  (SB 56, 2011 is here, SB 142, 2010 is here.)

If you compare them side by side, they're identical, apart from the date, bill number, and sponsors.

Consequently, the concerns I had last year about this time still stand.  I'll include them here, and elaborate on some of them (elaborations denoted by bracketed italics).

  1. Right out of the gate, there's a problem with defining what we're talking about when we say "The Bible".  Not only are there many different translations (e.g. NRSV, KJV, NIV, The Message), but there are multiple canons - Catholic Bibles have books that Protestant Bibles don't, Eastern Orthodox Bibles have yet a different canon, and the Tanakh has a different structure than the Christian Old Testament.  Additionally, English translation of the Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts necessarily introduce subtle changes in meaning which can affect interpretation.  And then there are the issues with textual transmission in general.  [Discussions of the Bible need to acknowledge that there has been a considerable amount of tinkering with the text down through the centuries.  Some of this tinkering was likely by well-meaning individuals who sought to clarify points in the transmitted text.  On the other hand, some of this tinkering was very likely with the intent to advance agendas or favor one orthodoxy over another.  A truly objective course on the Bible would need to acknowledge these issues and not ignore them or gloss over them.]
  2. Students of different backgrounds would necessarily bring different assumptions, presuppositions, and theologies to the class.  Teaching around those differences would be difficult, particularly if the teacher isn't knowledgeable about them and skilled at recognizing his or her own biases.   [ A teacher who cannot disengage from his or her own biases and preconceptions will have a very difficult time engaging with opinions and scholarship that disagree with their beliefs.  Do the sponsors of the bill really expect the people teaching these classes to compare the Genesis creation myths with the other creation myths, or to compare the stories of Noah's flood with the Epic of Gilgamesh?]
  3. While the bill states that courses must maintain religious neutrality, it's difficult to understand how a course on the Bible can be religiously neutral.  Will there be a section on the Qu'ran?  The Book of Mormon?  The Śruti?  Dianetics? [It also occurs to me that in order to truly maintain religious neutrality, we have to revisit point 1, above.  Because the proposed legislation does not require a specific version of the Bible to be used in class, there will be different versions in play.  The Biblical influence on some issues is different depending on which translation one uses.  For example, translating a word as "kill" vice "murder" is significant.]
  4. Specifically, what "knowledge of biblical content, characters, poetry, and narratives"  are prerequisites "to understanding contemporary society and culture, including literature, art, music, mores, oratory, and public policy"?  This looks suspiciously like code for a broad conservative Christian agenda, and not a non-sectarian discussion of the Bible's influence on modern society.  There are other, arguably more fundamental, "prerequisites" to understanding modern arts, culture, and policy besides the Bible, including ancient Greek literature, politics and mythology, the works of Shakespeare, and human sexuality.  [Further, the Bible (particularly - but not exclusively - the Old Testament) is rife with stories of genocide, incest, sexual manipulation, revenge, and feeding children to bears, all done by, directly or indirectly at the command of, or in the name of God.  Somehow I don't see this course covering material like the story in Genesis where Lot's daughters get him drunk, sleep with him, and become pregnant by him...]
  5. Biblical "literacy" and "history" imply more than simply knowledge of the content of the Bible, which is what is called out in the summary.  While the text of the law itself specifies that students shall be familiarized with "(t)he history of the Hebrew Scriptures or New Testament" and "(t)he literary style and structure of the Hebrew Scriptures or New Testament", I seriously doubt that these concepts can be properly addressed within the context of a one or two semester elective. [I cynically wonder if the "history of the Hebrew Scriptures or New Testament" actually means "history as viewed through the lens of the Hebrew Scriptures or New Testament" rather than the history of how and why the material came to be written...]
  6. Conspicuously absent from the bill are any specific references to the socio-political context during the periods of authorship of the various Biblical books, which have tremendous bearing on their content.  I do not think it is possible to adequately discuss the influence of the Bible on modern socio-political topics without discussing the contexts in which the Biblical books were written. [Consider, for example, the Book of Revelation.  It was written to and for people in a very specific set of circumstances, but it's significance has been horribly overemphasized by modern interpretations.  While it's true that Revelation has influenced the modern world, much of that influence has more to do with what more modern readers assume it means than what the original author intended his contemporaries to learn from it.]

In the end, I suspect what would likely happen is that courses offered under this law would end up being taught by and filled by people jumping at the chance to turn them into state-sanctioned Bible "study" sessions which are long on Bible and short on anything resembling actual study, and that would probably be more about the people in the class affirming their own beliefs rather than trying to learn anything new.

I've said before that I'm completely in favor of people learning about the Bible and its history and background, but if all you do in a Bible study is look at the material in terms of what the leader thinks God was trying to say and ignore what the humans who actually wrote it were trying to say to their contemporaries, you've missed the point.

-Jay

20Nov/105

TSA – Security Theater Gone Haywire

(NOTE: This is a difficult topic to write about.  I've not experienced the new security screening procedures.  I've linked to people who have, and I think it's best to let their stories speak for themselves.  I'm trying to maintain a distinction between the body scans (which I think do have a place in airport security, but not as a step that everyone should have to pass through) and the "enhanced" pat-downs (which I, like many, regard as government-sanctioned sexual assault).)

Unless you live in a cave, you're aware of the TSA's new airport security screening procedures.

In a nutshell, depending on what airport you're going through, you might be subjected to a full-body scan and/o an "enhanced" pat-down.

The scans are of two types - Backscatter X-ray and Millimeter Wave scans.  Both of these techniques work because the energy in the scan passes through fabric and reflects off of skin.  The resulting images are rather like this:

TSA-Released Sample of a Backscatter X-Ray Imagey

TSA-Released Sample of a Backscatter X-Ray Image

Images from millimeter-wave scans are somewhat less distinct, but even so, I can understand why folks are upset about this.  (Personally, while I'm not thrilled about the scans, if the image above is as detailed as it gets, and if there are reasonable controls on the images, and if they weren't being used as a first layer of security on adults only, then I could probably live with them.)

Refusing the scan triggers the enhanced pat-down, which is gut-wrenchingly described here (women, when you read this, put yourself in the author's position.  Men, imagine this being told to you by a woman you're close to, and remember that you, too, will likely have to go through a similar experience.):

Erin's Story.  (Link via Amy)

One of the aspects to this that doesn't seem to get enough attention is that kids will be put through this as well.  Consider that we've spent decades telling our children not to let strangers touch them, but now they may not be able to avoid that:

Advice from Sarina Behar Natkin about how to prepare your kids for a possible security pat-down.  (Also via Amy)

And for survivors of rape or other sexual abuse, the experience may simply be unendurable:

Bug_girl at Skepchick has some thoughts, and Jezebel's Irin Carmon has some additional words on the matter.

Finally, MSNBC reports that a U.S. Airways flight attendant and cancer survivor was forced to show her breast prosthesis to a TSA agent during a security screening.

Incredibly, a number of news outlets are reporting the results of a CBS survey as showing that 81% of survey respondents support the enhanced security measures.

Only, they don't.

The 81% number from CBS Survey is in response to the following question: "Should Airports Use Full-Body X-Ray Machines?"

I suspect the survey numbers would have reflected a much lower level of approval to the following proposition:  "Should TSA Agents Touch Travelers' (Including Minors) Genitalia As Part Of Security Pat-Downs?"

A big problem is that TSA appears to function primarily in a reactive mode - Richard Reid tries to light his shoes so everyone has to send their shoes through the scanner.  Someone loads their underwear up with explosives, so TSA has to perform panty-checks.  I'd wager that nobody will be carrying toner cartridges onto planes for a while.  I shudder to think about what happens when someone gets taken off a plane with explosives hidden internally, since at that point you're basically up to full body-cavity searches.

The fact of the matter is that there are only a limited number of things you can do with a plane.  The most relevant are:

  1. You can try to hijack it and crash it into something, but after 9/11, I think that's fairly unlikely to happen.  I believe that locked cockpits and a generation of passengers who watched the Towers fall have cut that option out.
  2. You can blow it up.  Preventing this is, at the heart, an explosives detection problem and not an identify-the-bad-guys problem.  Better cargo screening (including carry-on cargo) is a huge part of the solution.  Better techniques to detect explosive signatures on clothing and hands is another.

Pawing up under the skirts of female travelers and groping their breasts isn't going to improve security.  Nor is juggling the testicles of male travelers.  Nor will traumatizing children, cancer survivors, and rape victims.  Those will, however, push the Bad Guys to figure out better ways to hide things.

Brilliant.

-Jay

4Sep/108

Vanity Fair Goes Barracuda Fishing

Vanity Fair has an article up containing a fairly unflattering profile of my favorite Alaska Governor turned failed Vice-Presidential candidate turned ex-Alaska Governor turned talking head/public speaker.

Yes, none other than Sarah Palin.

Two years after she first achieved national recognition as John McCain's perplexing choice of running-mate, Palin still manages to keep her name in the news.

I remain puzzled.

PalinWorld is just weird.

On one hand, there is the whole circus side-show vibe that follows Sarah's ex-future(x2) son-in-law, Levi Johnston.

What a Tool...

It's not enough that he did the whole Playgirl thing, but now he's running for mayor of Wasilla, Alaska.  Wasilla, of course, is where Sarah started out her illustrious political career.  Yeah, OK, Levi.  Hope that works out for ya.

On the other hand, you've got daughter Bristol landing a spot on Dancing With the Stars, which I guess is OK, but it's kind of surreal.  I have a hard time deciding what I think of Bristol.  At one point, I thought she might be the only person in the whole Palin-palooza circus that had any sense about her, but her brief re-engagement to Johnston, discussions of a reality TV show, and apparent desire to remain in the public eye have me questioning that.

And finally, on the other other hand, you've got Sarah, the matriarch of the clan, and the subject of the article I linked to above.

The Vanity Fair piece is sourced from a lot of people who didn't want to be identified for fear of reprisal, and it's got something of a hit-piece feel to it, but nevertheless it has an internal consistency that lends it some credibility.

The thrust of the article is that the well-maintained public image of Palin that we saw in the '08 campaign and that we see now is little more than a distorted reflection of the reality.  According to the sources of the article, most of what we think we know about Sarah Palin, from her family relationships to her public piety is fabricated.

I wasn't particularly surprised to read that she's got a vindictive streak to her, or that she and her husband fight a lot, but I was surprised to read that she may have accepted the VP nomination without much (if any) discussion with her family.

There's also some discussion that suggests that she may not be as religiously conservative as she seems, although I'm not really convinced of that - she speaks the language of ultra-conservative Christianity far too fluently to be putting on a facade.

Anyway, it's an article worth reading whether you think that Sarah Palin is a genius or a vapid twit.  Check it out.

-Jay

14Jul/104

Letters To The Editor

The written word is a wonderful thing.  It serves as a transmission vector for knowledge and culture, and allows us to express ourselves in ways that the spoken word can't.  Anyone who has ever gotten caught up in a good book and suddenly realized that it's 3:00 AM knows what I'm talking about. 

The written word can also be dangerous.  When used as a tool of propaganda, it can serve to control and subjugate.  It can challenge authority and can lead to wars. 

The written word can be many things, including strange and vaguely frightening. 

And the written word can be used to make points quite the opposite of what it looks like at first glance. 

The following letter to the editor appeared in the 2 July 2010 Louisville Courier-Journal.  (I'm reproducing it because the CJ eventually archives such things and they become difficult to ferret out.  The letter in question is on page 3.) 

Going Gaga

Lady Gaga is a repulsive image that all people of goodwill should strive to avoid. Her most recent pornographic music video, which features highly sexualized images coupled with Catholic religious symbols, betrays her as nothing more than a mediocre Madonna-wannabe. In the video, she squirms around half-naked with half-naked guys while abusing Catholic symbols. It is clear the singer has now become the new poster girl for American decadence and Catholic bashing, which she perversely fobs off to the world as "creative art." 

When asked in a recent interview by Larry King if she was considering having children some day, she answered "not right now because it would destroy my creativeness." She seems oblivious to the fact that there is nothing more creative for a woman than to have a child. Sadly, fame, fortune and false idolatry have become the heartbeat of American culture. These things seem more important to the masses than life itself. But in the end, they are all only illusions that will wither and fade. In the end, "the first will be last and the last will be first." 

Now, the video in question (here, in case anyone cares to look) is pretty damn tacky - it plays out like some sort of weird sexual nightmare.  Is it offensive?  Probably to many - although I would describe it more as stupid and pretentious more than I would offensive.1 

Good Lord! What is That Thing Eating Her Head!?!

 

It isn't clear why the letter writer chooses interpret Lady Gaga's video as being anything other than a ploy to generate attention (much like her propensity for ghastly and outrageous outfits).  I can envision a conversation between Lady Gaga and her production designers: 

Designers: But Gaga, this video is really pushing the boundaries of good taste.  People are going to go ballistic over the content! 

Gaga: Yes, and for every blog or article criticizing me, a bunch of people will find the video and watch it, and some of those will buy my albums.   I can't lose! 

Designers: But that's just callous manipulation of people's prejudices and sensitivities for personal profit! 

Gaga: And you have a problem with that?  I'm an entertainer.  That's what I do.  It doesn't matter whether people listen to me because they're inspired by my music, or impressed by my dance moves, or want to see me on stage with machine guns attached to my bra. 

Designer:  Sooooo.  Any ideas for your next video? 

The bottom line is that controversy = publicity, and if you're a singer, publicity = revenue.2 

The second part of the letter is more touchy.  The letter writer, who was female, appears dangerously close to defining women in terms of the productiveness of their uteri, and her comment is a direct affront to women who cannot or chose not to have children.  Moreover, it's not clear how Lady Gaga's expressed choice to not have children in any way impacts anyone else's choice.  Gaga has every right to make that choice.  It's also true that the letter writer has a right to her opinion, and a right to express it.   And I have a right to say that I think the letter writer's opinion is just plain wrong and myopic because it makes the presupposition that women are no more than baby factories.3 

The bottom line is that the letter writer finds Lady Gaga to be a poor role model.  Fine.  Don't listen to her music or watch her videos or read articles about her.  But don't expect everyone else to follow your lead. 

We get to go down a different path entirely with the 11 July 2010 response to the original letter (The letter in question is on page 2.): 

Double-barreled irony

In regard to a letter printed in last Friday's Courier-Journal , I, too, would like to lend my voice to those offended by Lady Gaga's outrageous behavior. While I haven't seen the video in question, I have seen her scantily clad image on the cover of the current issue of Rolling Stone. It is shocking enough that this so-called "Lady" is wearing next to nothing. But the fact she sports a bra bearing two assault weapons is a double-barreled attack against basic American values. More than our flag, the cross or holy scripture, the gun is unquestionably the greatest object of reverence in this great land of ours. Would Ms. Gaga's brazen behavior be tolerated if Dubya and "Dead Eye" Dick Cheney still called the shots? I think not. Thank God and baby Jesus we still have strong conservative role models like Sarah Palin, a lifelong member of the NRA. We can rest assured that her values are just as conservative as her undergarments. 

On first glance, this letter (submitted  by a male)  seems to be the product of a somewhat disturbed individual.  One can almost imagine him muttering out loud to himself as he composed his missive. 

But I don't think the letter is the product of a disturbed individual.  I think it's the product of someone who read the first letter and thought "It's pretty silly to get spun up over a music video and a throwaway comment on Larry King, and it's pretty silly for the newspaper to give a letter about those things any column space.  I wonder if I can get something even more over-the-top published..." 

This, I believe, is a classic example of what has become known in internet circles as Poe's Law.  To wit: 

Without a winking smiley or other blatant display of humour, it is impossible to create a parody of fundamentalism that someone won't mistake for the real thing. 

Nathan Poe, circa 2005 

(In point of fact, I think that Poe's Law generalizes well beyond religion and can be applied to parodies of any extreme position. Politics is an obvious example, as suggested by the Sarah Palin reference,4 and extreme positions on climate change and anti-vaccination come to mind as other applicable subjects.5

In other words, the letter writer has successfully foisted himself off as an outlandishly conservative Christian when, in fact, he probably isn't,  but you certainly can't tell that from the writing. 

Why might he have wanted to do this?  To me, the most obvious reason is to make the point that there are more important issues to worry about than the crass behavior of a pop singer. 

 Maybe the writer really was put off by a gun-festooned sports bra.  Maybe he really does think that Sarah Palin is a superb conservative role model and not merely a publicity hungry twit.  It's possible, but I don't think so. 

-Jay 

---------- 

1"Offensive" is a very ambiguous term, anyway. I find it interesting that when people talk about how a music video, or a movie, or a book is offensive, they're often very detailed in talking about precisely which aspects of the material are offensive.  This suggests that they watched or read it very closely.  And some people seem to be offended a lot.  It's not like anyone is forcing someone to watch Lady Gaga videos against their will.  Personally, on the few occasions I find something to be that offensive, I just find something different to watch or read. 

2Personally, I kinda like some of her songs, but her bizarre costumes and such don't really do much for me. 

3In the last few years, it's somehow come to be fashionable to claim that everyone's opinions are equally valid.  Perhaps nowhere is this so prevalent as in the evolution/creationism debates in school systems around the country where "teach the controversy" or "teach the alternatives" are rallying cries.  The problem is that all opinions aren't equally valid - many are just flat wrong, sometimes dangerously so. 

4It is very difficult to separate Sarah Palin's political views from her religious views.  Talk to Action has a number of articles analyzing Palin's religious views and their implications on her politics, if anyone is interested. 

5I have an issue with the use of the term fundamentalist. It tends to be used pejoratively, and it isn't as well-defined as many might think. The term evangelical is somewhat less pejorative but is also poorly defined - an acquaintance of mine self-describes as evangelical, but falls towards the extremely liberal end of the Christian spectrum, and has been accused by some of not being Christian enough, whatever that actually means. Even terms like extremely conservative Christian are imprecise enough to be confusing. Nevertheless, given the lack of better, succinct terminology, I'll use these those terms with the caveat that they are broader than I would prefer and inevitably sweep people in which they shouldn't.

10Jun/100

Taliban Militants Hang 7 Year-old Boy As A Spy

MSNBC and the AP are reporting that Taliban militants in Afghanistan have executed a 7 year-old boy who was convicted of working for (Afghan) president Karzai's government.

A 7 year-old boy.

Details are few, but it's difficult to see what possible circumstances could mitigate the murder of a child.

Quoting British PM David Cameron: “If this is true, it is an absolutely horrific crime, ... If true, I think it says more about the Taliban than any book, than any article, than any speech could ever say.”

-Jay